What controls tropical forest architecture? Testing environmental, structural and floristic drivers

被引：182

作者：

Banin, L. ^{[1
,2
]}

Feldpausch, T. R. ^{[1
]}

Phillips, O. L. ^{[1
]}

Baker, T. R. ^{[1
]}

Lloyd, J. ^{[1
,3
,4
]}

Affum-Baffoe, K. ^{[5
]}

Arets, E. J. M. M. ^{[6
]}

Berry, N. J. ^{[1
,7
]}

Bradford, M. ^{[8
]}

Brienen, R. J. W. ^{[1
,9
]}

Davies, S. ^{[10
,11
]}

Drescher, M. ^{[12
]}

Higuchi, N. ^{[13
]}

Hilbert, D. W. ^{[8
]}

Hladik, A. ^{[14
]}

Iida, Y. ^{[15
]}

Abu Salim, K.

Kassim, A. R. ^{[16
]}

King, D. A. ^{[17
]}

Lopez-Gonzalez, G. ^{[1
]}

Metcalfe, D. ^{[8
]}

Nilus, R. ^{[18
]}

Peh, K. S. -H. ^{[1
,19
]}

Reitsma, J. M. ^{[20
]}

Sonke, B. ^{[21
]}

Taedoumg, H. ^{[21
]}

Tan, S. ^{[22
]}

White, L. ^{[23
]}

Woell, H.

Lewis, S. L. ^{[24
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[2] Univ Ulster, Sch Environm Sci, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry, North Ireland

[3] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld, Australia

[4] James Cook Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Cairns, Qld, Australia

[5] Forestry Commiss Ghana, Kumasi, Ghana

[6] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Alterra, Wageningen, Netherlands

[7] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

[8] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Trop Forest Res Ctr, Atherton, Qld, Australia

[9] Programa Manejo Bosques Amazonia Boliviana PROMAR, Riberalta, Bolivia

[10] Harvard Univ, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Arnold Arboretum Asia Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[11] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama

[12] Univ Waterloo, Sch Planning, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[13] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[14] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Hommes Nat Societes, Brunoy, France

[15] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Environm Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

[16] FRIM, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

[17] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA

[18] Forest Res Ctr, Sabah Forestry Dept, Sandakan, Malaysia

[19] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England

[20] Bur Waardenburg Vb, NL-4100 AJ Culemborg, Netherlands

[21] Univ Yaounde I, Dept Biol, Plant Systemat & Ecol Lab, Higher Teachers Training Coll, Yaounde, Cameroon

[22] Sarawak Forestry Corp, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia

[23] IRET, Libreville, Gabon

[24] UCL, Dept Geog, London, England

来源：

GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY | 2012年 / 21卷 / 12期

关键词：

Allometry; architecture; Dipterocarpaceae; ecology; Fabaceae; function; height-diameter; maximum height; structure; tropical moist forest; MECHANICAL CONSTRAINTS; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; LIFE-HISTORY; TREE HEIGHT; ALLOMETRY; GROWTH; MORTALITY; DEATH; SIZE; UNDERSTORY;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1466-8238.2012.00778.x

中图分类号：

Q14 [生态学（生物生态学）];

学科分类号：

071012 ; 0713 ;

摘要：

Aim To test the extent to which the vertical structure of tropical forests is determined by environment, forest structure or biogeographical history. Location Pan-tropical. Methods Using height and diameter data from 20,497 trees in 112 non-contiguous plots, asymptotic maximum height (H AM) and heightdiameter relationships were computed with nonlinear mixed effects (NLME) models to: (1) test for environmental and structural causes of differences among plots, and (2) test if there were continental differences once environment and structure were accounted for; persistence of differences may imply the importance of biogeography for vertical forest structure. NLME analyses for floristic subsets of data (only/excluding Fabaceae and only/excluding Dipterocarpaceae individuals) were used to examine whether family-level patterns revealed biogeographical explanations of cross-continental differences. Results H AM and allometry were significantly different amongst continents. H AM was greatest in Asian forests (58.3 +/- 7.5?m, 95% CI), followed by forests in Africa (45.1 +/- 2.6?m), America (35.8 +/- 6.0?m) and Australia (35.0 +/- 7.4?m), and heightdiameter relationships varied similarly; for a given diameter, stems were tallest in Asia, followed by Africa, America and Australia. Precipitation seasonality, basal area, stem density, solar radiation and wood density each explained some variation in allometry and H AM yet continental differences persisted even after these were accounted for. Analyses using floristic subsets showed that significant continental differences in H AM and allometry persisted in all cases. Main conclusions Tree allometry and maximum height are altered by environmental conditions, forest structure and wood density. Yet, even after accounting for these, tropical forest architecture varies significantly from continent to continent. The greater stature of tropical forests in Asia is not directly determined by the dominance of the family Dipterocarpaceae, as on average non-dipterocarps are equally tall. We hypothesise that dominant large-statured families create conditions in which only tall species can compete, thus perpetuating a forest dominated by tall individuals from diverse families.

引用

页码：1179 / 1190

页数：12