Serum adiponectin concentration: Its correlation with diabetes-related traits and quantitative trait loci analysis in mouse SMXA recombinant inbred strains

Adiponectin is thought to be an important mediator of insulin sensitivity and atherosclerosis. Using mouse 19 SMXA recombinant inbred (RI) strains, a powerful tool for analyzing multifactorial genetic traits, we found relationships between serum adiponectin levels and diabetes-related traits, body mass index, and serum lipid levels, and also determined the loci controlling serum adiponectin levels by quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. RI strains exhibited widely ranging serum adiponectin concentration distribution patterns and diabetes-related traits. The serum adiponectin concentration showed the strongest negative correlation with fasting serum insulin concentration, but negative correlations were also observed with serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and liver weight. In contrast, neither the body mass index nor the blood glucose concentration correlated with serum adiponectin levels. These results suggest that hypoadiponectinemia might be used as a predictor of insulin resistance. In addition, two suggestive QTLs for serum adiponectin concentration were detected on Chromosome (Chr) 7, and an A/J allele at these loci was associated with elevated serum adiponectin concentrations. Identification of genes responsible for regulating the serum adiponectin concentration might lead to the development of novel treatments for patients with diabetes concomitant with hypoadiponectinemia.