Brain regional heterogeneity and toxicological mechanisms of organophosphates and carbamates

被引：132

作者：

Gupta, RC ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Murray State Univ, Breathitt Vet Ctr, Dept Toxicol, Hopkinsville, KY 42241 USA

来源：

TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS | 2004年 / 14卷 / 03期

关键词：

acetylcholine; acetylcholine receptors; acetylcholinesterase; antioxidants; biomarkers; brain regions; butyrylcholinesterase; carbamates; carboxylesterases; cholinergic system; insecticides; nerve agents; nitric oxide; noncholinergic system; organophosphates; oxidants;

D O I：

10.1080/15376520490429175

中图分类号：

R99 [毒物学（毒理学）];

学科分类号：

100405 ;

摘要：

The brain is a well-organized, yet highly complex, organ in the mammalian system. Most investigators use the whole brain, instead of a selected brain region(s), for biochemical analytes as toxicological endpoints. As a result, the obtained data is often of limited value, since their significance is compromised due to a reduced effect, and the investigators often arrive at an erroneous conclusion(s). By now, a plethora of knowledge reveals the brain regional variability for various biochemical/neurochemical determinants. This review describes the importance of brain regional heterogeneity in relation to cholinergic and noncholinergic determinants with particular reference to organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides and OP nerve agents.

引用

页码：103 / 143

页数：41

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