Bus, minibus, metro inter-comparison of commuters' exposure to air pollution in Mexico City

被引:72
作者
Gomez-Perales, J. E.
Colvile, R. N.
Fernandez-Bremauntz, A. A.
Gutierrez-Avedoy, V.
Paramo-Figueroa, V. H.
Blanco-Jimenez, S.
Bueno-Lopez, E.
Bernabe-Cabanillas, R.
Mandujano, F.
Hidalgo-Navarro, M.
Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J.
机构
[1] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, London SW7 2AZ, England
[2] Inst Nacl Ecol, Direcc Gen Invest Sobre Contaminac Irbana, Mexico City 04530, DF, Mexico
[3] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Inst Nacl Ecol, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico
[4] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ctr Nacl Invest & Capacitat, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico
[5] Gobierno Dist Fed, Direcc Gen Gest Ambienta Aire, Mexico City 11800, DF, Mexico
关键词
transport users' exposure; PM2.5; CO; benzene; chemical composition;
D O I
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.049
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Commuters' exposure measurements were taken for PM2.5, carbon monoxide (CO) and benzene in minibuses, buses and metro during morning and evening rush hours during January-March 2003 in Mexico City. For PM2.5, the chemical composition was characterized. Total carbon was the most abundant species in fine particles (approximately 50%). Minibuses (49 mu g m(-3)) and buses had similar concentrations of exposure for PM2.5 (53 mu g m(-3)). For CO and benzene the concentrations were higher in minibuses. Morning rush hour was the commuting period with the highest concentrations for minibuses and buses. Metro was the mode of transport with lower concentrations for all pollutants. Carbon monoxide concentrations were similar to those identified in a previous campaign in 2002 and approximately 3.5 times lower than those in a study conducted in 1991. Benzene was characterized systematically in the selected modes of transport. A strong association was observed between wind speed and pollutant concentrations in buses. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:890 / 901
页数:12
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