Two-dimensional electron and hole gases at the surface of graphite

被引:145
作者
Morozov, SV [1 ]
Novoselov, KS
Schedin, F
Jiang, D
Firsov, AA
Geim, AK
机构
[1] Univ Manchester, Dept Phys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England
[2] Inst Microelect Technol, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
关键词
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevB.72.201401
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
We report two-dimensional (2D) electron and hole gases induced at the surface of graphite by the electric field effect. The 2D gases reside within a few near-surface atomic layers and exhibit mobilities up to 15 000 and 60 000 cm(2)/V s at room and liquid-helium temperatures, respectively. The mobilities imply ballistic transport on mu m scale. Pronounced Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations reveal the existence of two types of charge carries in both electron and hole gases.
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