Brain size and cognitive ability: Correlations with age, sex, social class, and race (Publication with Expression of Concern)

被引:131
作者
Rushton, JP
Ankney, CD
机构
[1] University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.
[2] Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London
关键词
D O I
10.3758/BF03210739
中图分类号
B841 [心理学研究方法];
学科分类号
040201 ;
摘要
Using data from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), autopsy, endocranial measurements, and other techniques, we show that (1) brain size is correlated with cognitive ability about.44 using MRI; (2) brain size varies by age, sex, social class, and race; and (3) cognitive ability varies by age, sex, social class, and race. Brain size and cognitive ability show a curvilinear relation with age, increasing to young adulthood and then decreasing; increasing from women to men; increasing with socio-economic status; and increasing from Africans to Europeans to Asians. Although only further research can determine if such correlations represent cause and effect, it is clear that the direction of the brain-size/cognitive-ability relationships described by Paul Broca (1824-1880), Francis Galton (1822-1911), and other nineteenth-century visionaries is true, and that the null hypothesis of no relation, strongly advocated over the last half century, is false.
引用
收藏
页码:21 / 36
页数:16
相关论文
共 148 条
  • [91] MURDOCH J, 1923, AM PHYSICAL ED REV, V28, P209
  • [92] OSBORNE RT, 1992, MANKIND QUART, V32, P275
  • [93] Osborne RT., 1980, Twins, black and white
  • [94] PACKARD GC, 1988, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V61, P1
  • [95] PAGEL MD, 1988, EVOLUTION, V42, P948, DOI 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1988.tb02513.x
  • [96] PAKKENBERG H, 1964, ACTA ANAT, V56, P297
  • [97] BRAIN SIZE AND INTELLIGENCE IN MAN
    PASSINGHAM, RE
    [J]. BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION, 1979, 16 (04) : 253 - 270
  • [98] On the correlation between intelligence and the size of the head.
    Pearl, R
    [J]. JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY, 1906, 16 (03): : 189 - 199
  • [99] PEARLSON GD, 1989, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V46, P690
  • [100] Pearson K, 1906, BIOMETRIKA, V5, P105, DOI 10.2307/2331650