Actions of neurotrophic factors and their signaling pathways in neuronal survival and axonal regeneration

被引:115
作者
Cui, Q [1 ]
机构
[1] Shantou Univ, Coll Med, Lab Neural Repair, Shantou 51503, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Fac Med, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Sha Tin 100083, Peoples R China
[3] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Joint Shantou Int Eye Ctr, Shantou 515041, Peoples R China
[4] Shantou Univ, Shantou 515041, Peoples R China
关键词
neurotrophic factor; neuronal survival; axonal regeneration; signal transduction pathway; central nervous system;
D O I
10.1385/MN:33:2:155
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Adult axons in the mammalian central nervous system do not elicit spontaneous regeneration after injury, although many affected neurons have survived the neurotrauma. However, axonal regeneration does occur under certain conditions. These conditions include: (a) modification of regrowth environment, such as supply of peripheral nerve bridges and transplantation of Schwann cells or olfactory ensheathing glia to the injury site; (b) application of neurotrophic factors at the cell soma and axon tips; (c) blockade of growth-inhibitory molecules such as Nogo-A, myelin-associated glycoprotein, and oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein; (d) prevention of chondroitin-sulfate-proteoglycans-related scar tissue formation at the injury site using chondroitinase ABC; and (e) elevation of intrinsic growth potential of injured neurons via increasing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate level. A large body of evidence suggests that these conditions achieve enhanced neuronal survival and axonal regeneration through sometimes overlapping and sometimes distinct signal transduction mechanisms, depending on the targeted neuronal populations and intervention circumstances. This article reviews the available information on signal transduction pathways underlying neurotrophic-factor-mediated neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth/ axonal regeneration. Better understanding of signaling transduction is important in helping us develop practical therapeutic approaches for encouraging neuronal survival and axonal regeneration after traumatic injury in clinical context.
引用
收藏
页码:155 / 179
页数:25
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