Scale-dependent relationships between tree species richness and ecosystem function in forests

被引：273

作者：

Chisholm, Ryan A. ^{[1
]}

Muller-Landau, Helene C. ^{[1
]}

Abdul Rahman, Kassim ^{[2
]}

Bebber, Daniel P. ^{[3
]}

Bin, Yue ^{[4
]}

Bohlman, Stephanie A. ^{[5
]}

Bourg, Norman A. ^{[6
]}

Brinks, Joshua ^{[7
]}

Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh ^{[8
]}

Butt, Nathalie ^{[9
,10
]}

Cao, Honglin ^{[4
]}

Cao, Min ^{[11
]}

Cardenas, Dairon ^{[12
]}

Chang, Li-Wan ^{[13
]}

Chiang, Jyh-Min ^{[14
]}

Chuyong, George ^{[15
]}

Condit, Richard ^{[1
]}

Dattaraja, Handanakere S. ^{[16
]}

Davies, Stuart ^{[17
]}

Duque, Alvaro ^{[18
]}

Fletcher, Christine ^{[2
]}

Gunatilleke, Nimal ^{[19
]}

Gunatilleke, Savitri ^{[19
]}

Hao, Zhanqing ^{[20
]}

Harrison, Rhett D. ^{[21
,22
]}

Howe, Robert ^{[23
]}

Hsieh, Chang-Fu ^{[24
]}

Hubbell, Stephen P. ^{[1
,25
]}

Itoh, Akira ^{[26
]}

Kenfack, David ^{[17
]}

Kiratiprayoon, Somboon ^{[27
]}

Larson, Andrew J. ^{[28
]}

Lian, Juyu ^{[4
]}

Lin, Dunmei ^{[29
,30
]}

Liu, Haifeng ^{[29
,31
]}

Lutz, James A. ^{[32
]}

Ma, Keping ^{[29
]}

Malhi, Yadvinder ^{[9
]}

McMahon, Sean ^{[7
]}

McShea, William ^{[6
]}

Meegaskumbura, Madhava ^{[19
]}

Razman, Salim Mohd ^{[2
]}

Morecroft, Michael D. ^{[33
]}

Nytch, Christopher J. ^{[34
]}

Oliveira, Alexandre ^{[35
]}

Parker, Geoffrey G. ^{[7
]}

Pulla, Sandeep ^{[16
]}

Punchi-Manage, Ruwan ^{[36
]}

Romero-Saltos, Hugo ^{[37
]}

Sang, Weiguo ^{[29
,31
]}

机构：

[1] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama

[2] Forest Res Inst Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor Darul, Malaysia

[3] Earthwatch Inst, Oxford OX2 7DE, England

[4] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Sustainable U, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China

[5] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[6] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA

[7] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA

[8] Dept Natl Pk Wildlife & Plant Conservat, Res Off, Bangkok 10900, Thailand

[9] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QY, England

[10] Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia

[11] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Kunming 650223, Peoples R China

[12] Inst Amazon Invest Cient Sinchi, Bogota, Colombia

[13] Taiwan Forestry Res Inst, Taipei 10066, Taiwan

[14] Tunghai Univ, Dept Life Sci, Taichung 40704, Taiwan

[15] Univ Buea, Dept Plant & Anim Sci, Buea, Swp, Cameroon

[16] Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Ecol Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India

[17] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA

[18] Univ Nacl Colombia, Medellin, Colombia

[19] Univ Peradeniya, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka

[20] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110164, Peoples R China

[21] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China

[22] World Agroforestry Inst, East Asia Off, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China

[23] Univ Wisconsin Green Bay, Dept Nat & Appl Sci, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA

[24] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

[25] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[26] Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 5588585, Japan

[27] Thammasat Univ Rangsit, Fac Sci & Technol, Klongluang 12121, Patumtani, Thailand

[28] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA

[29] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China

[30] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China

[31] Minzu Univ China, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

[32] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA

[33] Nat England, Winchester SO23 7BT, Hants, England

[34] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Trop Ecosyst Studies, San Juan, PR 00936 USA

[35] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol IB, BR-04582050 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[36] Univ Gottingen, Dept Ecosyst Modeling, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany

[37] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Ciencias Biol, Quito, Ecuador

[38] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B3, Canada

[39] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Studies, Hualien 97401, Taiwan

[40] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA

[41] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland

[42] Univ Philippines Diliman, Inst Biol, Quezon City 1101, Ncr, Philippines

来源：

JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY | 2013年 / 101卷 / 05期

基金：

日本学术振兴会; 美国国家科学基金会; 中国国家自然科学基金; 美国安德鲁·梅隆基金会;

关键词：

biodiversity; biomass; complementarity; determinants of plant community diversity and structure; productivity; sampling effects; species diversity; trees; REGRESSION-ANALYSIS; PRODUCTIVITY; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; VEGETATION; PREDICTIONS; COMPETITION; CAUSATIONS; INCREASES; GRADIENTS;

D O I：

10.1111/1365-2745.12132

中图分类号：

Q94 [植物学];

学科分类号：

071001 ;

摘要：

1. The relationship between species richness and ecosystem function, as measured by productivity or biomass, is of long-standing theoretical and practical interest in ecology. This is especially true for forests, which represent a majority of global biomass, productivity and biodiversity. 2. Here, we conduct an analysis of relationships between tree species richness, biomass and productivity in 25 forest plots of area 8-50ha from across the world. The data were collected using standardized protocols, obviating the need to correct for methodological differences that plague many studies on this topic. 3. We found that at very small spatial grains (0.04ha) species richness was generally positively related to productivity and biomass within plots, with a doubling of species richness corresponding to an average 48% increase in productivity and 53% increase in biomass. At larger spatial grains (0.25ha, 1ha), results were mixed, with negative relationships becoming more common. The results were qualitatively similar but much weaker when we controlled for stem density: at the 0.04ha spatial grain, a doubling of species richness corresponded to a 5% increase in productivity and 7% increase in biomass. Productivity and biomass were themselves almost always positively related at all spatial grains. 4. Synthesis. This is the first cross-site study of the effect of tree species richness on forest biomass and productivity that systematically varies spatial grain within a controlled methodology. The scale-dependent results are consistent with theoretical models in which sampling effects and niche complementarity dominate at small scales, while environmental gradients drive patterns at large scales. Our study shows that the relationship of tree species richness with biomass and productivity changes qualitatively when moving from scales typical of forest surveys (0.04ha) to slightly larger scales (0.25 and 1ha). This needs to be recognized in forest conservation policy and management.

引用

页码：1214 / 1224

页数：10

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