A longitudinal study of "intrusion-based reasoning" and posttraumatic stress disorder after exposure to a train disaster

被引:55
作者
Engelhard, IM
van den Hout, MA
Arntz, A
McNally, RJ
机构
[1] Maastricht Univ, Dept Med Clin & Expt Psychol, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
[2] Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
关键词
PTSD; train crash; disaster; cognitions; reasoning;
D O I
10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00018-9
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
Previously, we found that chronic PTSD relates to "intrusion-based reasoning" (IR), i.e. the tendency to interpret distressing intrusions themselves as evidence that danger is impending, regardless of objective danger information (Engelhard et al., Behav. Res. Ther. 39 (2001) 1139). This study was intended to elucidate the causal status of this relation. Twenty-nine residents of a Belgian town witnessed a train crash and were assessed for IR and PTSD symptoms within 1 month and were re-assessed for PTSD at 3.5 months. Fourteen control residents did not witness the crash and were also tested for IR. The IR paradigm involved rating the danger of brief scenarios in which objective danger and presence of intrusions about the crash were systematically varied. The directly exposed residents showed greater danger ratings to scenarios in which intrusions were included than did the controls. IR was strongly related to both acute and chronic PTSD symptoms. It did not significantly predict chronic PTSD symptoms after controlling for acute symptoms, although the partial correlation (r=0.26, p=0.09) was in the expected direction. The data suggest that IR is involved in the onset and maintenance of PTSD symptoms, but more clarity about causality awaits future larger and experimental studies. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1415 / 1424
页数:10
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