Phase fluctuations in Bose-Einstein condensates

被引:46
作者
Hellweg, D
Dettmer, S
Ryytty, P
Arlt, JJ
Ertmer, W
Sengstock, K
Petrov, DS
Shlyapnikov, GV
Kreutzmann, H
Santos, L
Lewenstein, M
机构
[1] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Quantenopt, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
[2] FOM, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands
[3] Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow 123182, Russia
[4] Ecole Normale Super, Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75231 Paris 05, France
[5] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Theoret Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
[6] Univ Hamburg, Inst Laserphys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
来源
APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS | 2001年 / 73卷 / 08期
关键词
D O I
10.1007/s003400100747
中图分类号
O43 [光学];
学科分类号
070207 ; 0803 ;
摘要
We demonstrate the existence of phase fluctuations in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and study the dependence of these fluctuations on the system parameters. A strong dependence on temperature, atom number, and trapping geometry is observed. Phase fluctuations directly affect the coherence properties of BECs. In particular, we observe instances where the phase-coherence length is significantly smaller than the condensate size. Our method of detecting phase fluctuations is based on their transformation into density modulations after ballistic expansion. An analytic theory describing this transformation is developed.
引用
收藏
页码:781 / 789
页数:9
相关论文
共 35 条
[1]   Macroscopic quantum interference from atomic tunnel arrays [J].
Anderson, BP ;
Kasevich, MA .
SCIENCE, 1998, 282 (5394) :1686-1689
[2]   Observation of interference between two Bose condensates [J].
Andrews, MR ;
Townsend, CG ;
Miesner, HJ ;
Durfee, DS ;
Kurn, DM ;
Ketterle, W .
SCIENCE, 1997, 275 (5300) :637-641
[3]   Measurement of the spatial coherence of a trapped Bose gas at the phase transition [J].
Bloch, I ;
Hänsch, TW ;
Esslinger, T .
NATURE, 2000, 403 (6766) :166-170
[4]   Atom laser with a cw output coupler [J].
Bloch, I ;
Hänsch, TW ;
Esslinger, T .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 1999, 82 (15) :3008-3011
[5]   Coherent evolution of bouncing Bose-Einstein condensates [J].
Bongs, K ;
Burger, S ;
Birkl, G ;
Sengstock, K ;
Ertmer, W ;
Rzazewski, K ;
Sanpera, A ;
Lewenstein, M .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 1999, 83 (18) :3577-3580
[6]  
BONGS K, 2000, PHYS REV A
[7]   Dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates [J].
Burger, S ;
Bongs, K ;
Dettmer, S ;
Ertmer, W ;
Sengstock, K ;
Sanpera, A ;
Shlyapnikov, GV ;
Lewenstein, M .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 1999, 83 (25) :5198-5201
[8]   Bose-Einstein condensates in time dependent traps [J].
Castin, Y ;
Dum, R .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 1996, 77 (27) :5315-5319
[9]  
COHENTANNOUDJI C, 2000, LECT NOTES EUROSCH B
[10]   Theory of Bose-Einstein condensation in trapped gases [J].
Dalfovo, F ;
Giorgini, S ;
Pitaevskii, LP ;
Stringari, S .
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS, 1999, 71 (03) :463-512