The complement cascade: Yin-Yang in neuroinflammation - neuro-protection and -degeneration

被引:134
作者
Alexander, Jessy John [1 ]
Anderson, Aileen Judith [2 ]
Barnum, Scott Robert [3 ]
Stevens, Beth [4 ]
Tenner, Andrea Joan [5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
[2] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Irvine, CA USA
[3] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
[4] Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Neurol,Neurobiol Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[5] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA
关键词
Alzheimer's; complement; glaucoma; lupus; multiple sclerosis; spinal cord injury;
D O I
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05668.x
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The complement cascade has long been recognized to play a key role in inflammatory and degenerative diseases. It is a 'double edged' sword as it is necessary to maintain health, yet can have adverse effects when unregulated, often exacerbating disease. The contrasting effects of complement, depending on whether in a setting of health or disease, is the price paid to achieve flexibility in scope and degree of a protective response for the host from infection and injury. Loss or even decreased efficiency of critical regulatory control mechanisms can result in aggravated inflammation and destruction of self-tissue. The role of the complement cascade is poorly understood in the nervous system and neurological disorders. Novel studies have demonstrated that the expression of complement proteins in brain varies in different cell types and the effects of complement activation in various disease settings appear to differ. Understanding the functioning of this cascade is essential, as it has therapeutic implications. In this review, we will attempt to provide insight into how this complex cascade functions and to identify potential strategic targets for therapeutic intervention in chronic diseases as well as acute injury in the CNS.
引用
收藏
页码:1169 / 1187
页数:19
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