Phylogenetic analysis of the non-structural (NS) gene of influenza A viruses isolated from mallards in Northern Europe in 2005

被引:23
作者
Zohari, Siamak [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Gyarmati, Peter [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Ejdersund, Anneli [4 ]
Berglof, Ulla [4 ]
Thoren, Peter [4 ]
Ehrenberg, Maria [5 ]
Czifra, Gyorgy [4 ]
Belak, Sandor [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Waldenstrom, Jonas [6 ,7 ]
Olsen, Bjorn [6 ,7 ]
Berg, Mikael [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Natl Vet Inst SVA, Joint Res & Dev Unit Virol Immunobiol & Parasitol, SE-75189 Uppsala, Sweden
[2] SLU, Sect Parasitol & Virol, Dept Biomed Sci & Publ Hlth, SE-75189 Uppsala, Sweden
[3] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, SE-75189 Uppsala, Sweden
[4] SVA, Unit Virol Immunobiol & Parasitol, SE-75189 Uppsala, Sweden
[5] Natl Vet Inst SVA, Unit Chem Environm & Feed Safety, SE-75189 Uppsala, Sweden
[6] Univ Uppsala Hosp, Infect Dis Sect, Dept Med Sci, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
[7] Kalmar Univ, Sect Zoonot Ecol & Epidemiol, SE-32185 Kalmar, Sweden
基金
瑞典研究理事会;
关键词
NUCLEAR EXPORT; MESSENGER-RNAS; POLY(A)-BINDING PROTEIN; MIGRATORY WATERFOWL; H5N1; SEQUENCE; CIRCULATION; INHIBITION; INTERFERON; BINDING;
D O I
10.1186/1743-422X-5-147
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Background: Although the important role of the non-structural 1 (NS) gene of influenza A in virulence of the virus is well established, our knowledge about the extent of variation in the NS gene pool of influenza A viruses in their natural reservoirs in Europe is incomplete. In this study we determined the subtypes and prevalence of influenza A viruses present in mallards in Northern Europe and further analysed the NS gene of these isolates in order to obtain a more detailed knowledge about the genetic variation of NS gene of influenza A virus in their natural hosts. Results: A total number of 45 influenza A viruses of different subtypes were studied. Eleven haemagglutinin-and nine neuraminidase subtypes in twelve combinations were found among the isolated viruses. Each NS gene reported here consisted of 890 nucleotides; there were no deletions or insertions. Phylogenetic analysis clearly shows that two distinct gene pools, corresponding to both NS allele A and B, were present at the same time in the same geographic location in the mallard populations in Northern Europe. A comparison of nucleotide sequences of isolated viruses revealed a substantial number of silent mutations, which results in high degree of homology in amino acid sequences. The degree of variation within the alleles is very low. In our study allele A viruses displays a maximum of 5% amino acid divergence while allele B viruses display only 2% amino acid divergence. All the viruses isolated from mallards in Northern Europe possessed the typical avian ESEV amino acid sequence at the C-terminal end of the NSI protein. Conclusion: Our finding indicates the existence of a large reservoir of different influenza A viruses in mallards population in Northern Europe. Although our phylogenetic analysis clearly shows that two distinct gene pools, corresponding to both NS allele A and B, were present in the mallards populations in Northern Europe, allele B viruses appear to be less common in natural host species than allele A, comprising only about 13% of the isolates sequenced in this study.
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页数:13
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