Medical Progress Alopecia Areata

THE IMPACT OF CERTAIN SKIN DISEASES ON THE LIVES OF THOSE AFFECTED tends to be underestimated or even dismissed as simply a "cosmetic problem." Alopecia areata exemplifies such a condition, owing to its substantial disease burden and its often devastating effects on the patient's quality of life and self-esteem.(1,2) Although alopecia areata is one of the most common autoimmune diseases, the pathobiology of this chronic, relapsing hair-loss disorder is not fully understood, and the available therapies are disappointing.(3-6) This review summarizes the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management of alopecia areata and synthesizes relevant background information concerning the biologic and pathobiologic features of the hair follicle. Currently available evidence suggests that alopecia areata can be considered a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which the gradual loss of protection provided by immune privilege of the normal hair follicle plays an important role.(7-9)