Chryseobacterium frigidisoli sp nov., a psychrotolerant species of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from sandy permafrost from a glacier forefield

During diversity studies of the glacier forefields of the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica, a novel psychrotolerant, non-motile Gram-negative, shiny yellow, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain PB4(T) was isolated from a soil sample. Strain PB4(T) produces indole from tryptophan and hydrolyses casein. It grows between 0 and 25 degrees C with an optimum growth temperature of 20 degrees C. A wide range of substrates are used as sole carbon sources and acid is produced from numerous carbohydrates. The major menaquinone is MK-6. Identified polar lipids are ethanolamines and ornithine lipids. Major fatty acids (>10%) are iso-C-15:0 (13.0%) and iso-2OH-C-15:0 (51.2%). G+C content is 33.7 mol%. The polyamine pattern is composed of symhomospermidine (25.1 mu mol g(-1) dry weight), minor amounts of cadaverine (0.2 mu mol g(-1) dry weight) and spermidine (0.4 mu mol g(-1) dry weight) and traces of putrescine and spermine (<0.1 mu mol g(-1) dry weight). Strain PB4(T) had highest 16S rRNA gene similarities with the type strains of Chryseobacterium humi (97.0%) and Chryseobacterium marinum (96.5%). Considering phenotypic and genotypic characterization, strain PB4(T) represents a novel species in the genus Chryseobacterium (family Flavobacteriaceae), for which the name Chryseobacterium frigidisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PB4(T) (=DSM 26000(T)=LMG 27025(T)).