Exercise-induced reversal of insulin resistance in obese elderly is associated with reduced visceral fat

被引:165
作者
O'Leary, VB
Marchetti, CM
Krishnan, RK
Stetzer, BP
Gonzalez, F
Kirwan, JP
机构
[1] Case Western Reserve Univ, Metrohlth Med Ctr, Schwartz Ctr Metab & Nutr, Sch Med, Cleveland, OH 44109 USA
[2] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH 44109 USA
[3] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Cleveland, OH 44109 USA
[4] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Nutr, Cleveland, OH 44109 USA
[5] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Reprod Biol, Cleveland, OH 44109 USA
关键词
diabetes; obesity; aging; abdominal adiposity;
D O I
10.1152/japplphysiol.01336.2005
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
Exercise improves glucose metabolism and delays the onset and/or reverses insulin resistance in the elderly by an unknown mechanism. In the present study, we examined the effects of exercise training on glucose metabolism, abdominal adiposity, and adipocytokines in obese elderly. Sixteen obese men and women (age = 63 +/- 1 yr, body mass index = 33.2 +/- 1.4 kg/m(2))participated in a 12-wk supervised exercise program (5 days/wk, 60 min/day, treadmill/cycle ergometry at 85% of heart rate maximum). Visceral fat (VF), subcutaneous fat, and total abdominal fat were measured by computed tomography. Fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by hydrostatic weighing. An oral glucose tolerance test was used to determine changes in insulin resistance. Exercise training increased maximal oxygen consumption (21.3 +/- 0.8 vs. 24.3 +/- 1.0 ml (.) kg(-1) (.) min(-1), P < 0.0001), decreased body weight (P < 0.0001) and fat mass (P < 0.001), while fat-free mass was not altered (P > 0.05). VF ( 176 +/- 20 vs. 136 +/- 17 cm(2), P < 0.0001), subcutaneous fat (351 +/- 34 vs. 305 +/- 28 cm(2), P < 0.03), and total abdominal fat (525 +/- 40 vs. 443 +/- 34 cm(2), P < 0.003) were reduced through training. Circulating leptin was lower (P < 0.003) after training, but total adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha remained unchanged. Insulin resistance was reversed by exercise (40.1 +/- 7.7 vs. 27.6 +/- 5.6 units, P < 0.01) and correlated with changes in VF (r = 0.66, P < 0.01) and maximal oxygen consumption (r = -0.48, P < 0.05) but not adipocytokines. VF loss after aerobic exercise training improves glucose metabolism and is associated with the reversal of insulin resistance in older obese men and women.
引用
收藏
页码:1584 / 1589
页数:6
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