Transplantation of intact sheets of fetal neural retina with its retinal pigment epithelium in retinitis pigmentosa patients

PURPOSE: To show the safety of transplanting sheets of fetal neural retina together with its retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to patients with retinitis pigmentosa. DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: Sheets of fetal neural retina and RPE were transplanted together into the subretinal space near the fovea unilaterally in the eyes of five patients with retinitis pigmentosa who had only light perception in both eyes. The patients were followed for 6 months. The main outcome measures were tissue typing of both donors and recipients, fluorescein angiography, multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) testing, and clinical examination. No immunosuppressive medications were given. RESULTS: No evidence of rejection was observed. Up to 6 months there was no evidence of tissue disintegration, retinal edema, or scarring. There was no change in vision both by Snellen acuity and with mfERGs. Growth of the transplant was noted in two of five patients at 6 months vs. 2 weeks. All patients typed were HLA mismatched with donor tissue. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that fetal retina can be transplanted together with its RPE and survive for at least 6 months without evidence of rejection. How, ever, no improvements in vision were observed, possibly due to the severe retinal degeneration of the patients. (C) 2002 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.