Public R&D Investments and Private-sector Patenting: Evidence from NIH Funding Rules

被引：125

作者：

Azoulay, Pierre ^{[1
,2
]}

Zivin, Joshua S. Graff ^{[2
,3
]}

Li, Danielle ^{[1
,2
]}

Sampat, Bhaven N. ^{[2
,4
]}

机构：

[1] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[2] NBER, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[3] UCSD, La Jolla, CA USA

[4] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA

来源：

REVIEW OF ECONOMIC STUDIES | 2019年 / 86卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Economics of science; Patenting; Academic research; NIH; Knowledge spillovers; KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER; TECHNOLOGY; UNIVERSITIES; SPILLOVERS; RETURNS; PRODUCTIVITY; COMPLEMENT; INNOVATION; CITATIONS; BENEFITS;

D O I：

10.1093/restud/rdy034

中图分类号：

F [经济];

学科分类号：

02 ;

摘要：

We quantify the impact of scientific grant funding at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on patenting by pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms. Our article makes two contributions. First, we use newly constructed bibliometric data to develop a method for flexibly linking specific grant expenditures to private-sector innovations. Second, we take advantage of idiosyncratic rigidities in the rules governing NIH peer review to generate exogenous variation in funding across research areas. Our results show that NIH funding spurs the development of private-sector patents: a $10 million boost in NIH funding leads to a net increase of 2.7 patents. Though valuing patents is difficult, we report a range of estimates for the private value of these patents using different approaches.

引用

页码：117 / 152

页数：36

共 86 条

[1] Market size in innovation: Theory and evidence from the pharmaceutical industry [J].