MERS-coronavirus replication induces severe in vitro cytopathology and is strongly inhibited by cyclosporin A or interferon-α treatment

被引:265
作者
de Wilde, Adriaan H. [1 ]
Raj, V. Stalin [2 ]
Oudshoorn, Diede [1 ]
Bestebroer, Theo M. [2 ]
van Nieuwkoop, Stefan [2 ]
Limpens, Ronald W. A. L. [3 ]
Posthuma, Clara C. [1 ]
van der Meer, Yvonne [1 ]
Barcena, Montserrat [3 ]
Haagmans, Bart L. [2 ]
Snijder, Eric J. [1 ]
van den Hoogen, Bernadette G. [2 ]
机构
[1] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med Microbiol, Mol Virol Lab, Leiden, Netherlands
[2] Erasmus MC, Virosci Lab, Rotterdam, Netherlands
[3] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol Cell Biol, Sect Elect Microscopy, Leiden, Netherlands
基金
欧盟第七框架计划;
关键词
MOUSE HEPATITIS-VIRUS; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; PAPAIN-LIKE PROTEASE; SARS-CORONAVIRUS; VIRAL-RNA; ARTERIVIRUS; INDUCTION; ASSOCIATION; RESPONSES; UNIQUE;
D O I
10.1099/vir.0.052910-0
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Coronavirus (Coy) infections are commonly associated with respiratory and enteric disease in humans and animals. The 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) highlighted the potentially lethal consequences of CoV-induced disease in humans. In 2012, a novel CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus; MERS-CoV) emerged, causing 49 human cases thus far, of which 23 had a fatal outcome. In this study, we characterized MERS-CoV replication and cytotoxicity in human and monkey cell lines. Electron microscopy of infected Vero cells revealed extensive membrane rearrangements, including the formation of double-membrane vesicles and convoluted membranes, which have been implicated previously in the RNA synthesis of SARS-CoV and other CoVs. Following infection, we observed rapidly increasing viral RNA synthesis and release of high titres of infectious progeny, followed by a pronounced cytopathology. These characteristics were used to develop an assay for antiviral compound screening in 96-well format, which was used to identify cyclosporin A as an inhibitor of MERS-CoV replication in cell culture. Furthermore, MERS-CoV was found to be 50-100 times more sensitive to alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) treatment than SARS-CoV, an observation that may have important implications for the treatment of MERS-CoV-infected patients. MERS-CoV infection did not prevent the IFN-induced nuclear translocation of phosphorylated STAT1, in contrast to infection with SARS-CoV where this block inhibits the expression of antiviral genes. These findings highlight relevant differences between these distantly related zoonotic CoVs in terms of their interaction with and evasion of the cellular innate immune response.
引用
收藏
页码:1749 / 1760
页数:12
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