Plant and Soil Responses to High and Low Diversity Grassland Restoration Practices

被引:29
作者
Bach, Elizabeth M. [1 ,2 ]
Baer, Sara G. [1 ,2 ]
Six, Johan [3 ]
机构
[1] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA
[2] So Illinois Univ, Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA
[3] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA
基金
美国安德鲁·梅隆基金会; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Tallgrass prairie; Conservation reserve program; Phospholipid fatty acids; Soil microbial community; Nitrogen mineralization; CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE RESTORATION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; NO-TILLAGE AGROECOSYSTEMS; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; RESTORED PRAIRIE; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON; DYNAMICS; CHRONOSEQUENCE;
D O I
10.1007/s00267-011-9787-0
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The USDA's Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) has predominantly used only a few species of dominant prairie grasses (CP2 practice) to reduce soil erosion, but recently has offered a higher diversity planting practice (CP25) to increase grassland habitat quality. We quantified plant community composition in CP25 and CP2 plantings restored for 4 or 8 years and compared belowground properties and processes among restorations and continuously cultivated soils in southeastern Nebraska, USA. Relative to cultivated soils, restoration increased soil microbial biomass (P = 0.033), specifically fungi (P < 0.001), and restored soils exhibited higher rates of carbon (C) mineralization (P = 0.010). High and low diversity plantings had equally diverse plant communities; however, CP25 plantings had greater frequency of cool-season (C-3) grasses (P = 0.007). Older (8 year) high diversity restorations contained lower microbial biomass (P = 0.026), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) biomass (P = 0.003), and C mineralization rates (P = 0.028) relative to 8 year low diversity restorations; older plantings had greater root biomass than 4 year plantings in all restorations (P = 0.001). Low diversity 8 year plantings contained wider root C:N ratios, and higher soil microbial biomass, microbial community richness, AMF biomass, and C mineralization rate relative to 4 year restorations (P < 0.050). Net N mineralization and nitrification rates were lower in 8 year than 4 year high diversity plantings (P = 0.005). We attributed changes in soil C and N pools and fluxes to increased AMF associated with C-4 grasses in low diversity plantings. Thus, reduced recovery of AMF in high diversity plantings restricted restoration of belowground microbial diversity and microbially-mediated soil processes over time.
引用
收藏
页码:412 / 424
页数:13
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