A comprehensive review on the phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and antidiabetic effect of Ginseng

被引：66

作者：

Liu, Yage ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Hao ^{[1
]}

Dai, Xuan ^{[1
]}

Zhu, Ruyuan ^{[1
]}

Chen, Beibei ^{[1
]}

Xia, Bingke ^{[1
]}

Ye, Zimengwei ^{[1
]}

Zhao, Dandan ^{[1
]}

Gao, Sihua ^{[1
]}

Orekhov, Alexander N. ^{[2
]}

Zhang, Dongwei ^{[1
]}

Wang, Lili ^{[3
]}

Guo, Shuzhen ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Beijing Univ Chinese Med, Diabet Res Ctr, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China

[2] Russian Acad Med Sci, Inst Gen Pathol & Pathophysiol, Lab Angiopathol, Moscow 125315, Russia

[3] Beijing Univ Chinese Med, Sch Chinese Mat Med, Dept TCM Pharmacol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China

[4] Beijing Univ Chinese Med, Dept Sci Res Ctr, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China

来源：

PHYTOMEDICINE | 2021年 / 92卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Radix Ginseng; Diabetes; Phytochemistry; Pharmacology; Pharmacokinetics; KOREAN RED GINSENG; ENHANCES INSULIN-SECRETION; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; TYPE-2; DIABETES-MELLITUS; PANAX-GINSENG; COMPOUND K; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; PPAR-GAMMA; INHIBITING ANGIOGENESIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153717

中图分类号：

Q94 [植物学];

学科分类号：

071001 [植物学];

摘要：

Background: Radix Ginseng, one of the well-known medicinal herbs, has been used in the management of diabetes and its complications for more than 1000 years. Purpose: The aim of this review is devoted to summarize the phytochemistry and pharmacokinetics of Ginseng, and provide evidence for the antidiabetic effects of Ginseng and its ingredients as well as the underlying mechanisms involved. Methods: For the purpose of this review, the following databases were consulted: the PubMed Database (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (http://www.cnki.net), National Science and Technology Library (http://www.nstl.gov.cn/), Wanfang Data (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/) and the Web of Science Database (http://apps.webofknowledge.com/). Results: Ginseng exhibits glucose-lowering effects in different diabetic animal models. In addition, Ginseng may prevent the development of diabetic complications, including liver, pancreas, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, atherosclerosis and others. The main ingredients of Ginseng include ginsenosides and polysaccharides. The underlying mechanisms whereby this herb exerts antidiabetic activities may be attributed to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways, including IRS1/PI3K/AKT, LKB1/AMPK/FoxO1, AGEs/RAGE, MAPK/ERK, NF-kappa B, PPARd/STAT3, cAMP/PKA/CERB and HIF-1 alpha/VEGF, etc. The pharmacokinetic profiles of ginsenosides provide valuable information on therapeutic efficacy of Ginseng in diabetes. Although Ginseng is well-tolerated, dietary consumption of this herb should follow the doctors' advice. Conclusion: Ginseng may offer an alternative strategy in protection against diabetes and its complications through the regulations of the multi-targets via various signaling pathways. Efforts to understand the underlying mechanisms with strictly-controlled animal models, combined with well-designed clinical trials and pharmacokinetic evaluation, will be important subjects of the further investigations and weigh in translational value of this herb in diabetes management.

引用

页数：20

共 232 条

[91]

Ginseng treatment reverses obesity and related disorders by inhibiting angiogenesis in female db/db mice [J].