The association between flexibility and running economy in sub-elite male distance runners

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between nine measures of limb and trunk flexibility and running economy. Within a week prior to running economy assessment, and after 10 min of jogging at 3.13 m . s(-1), 19 well-trained male sub-elite distance runners underwent two complete sets of lower limb and trunk flexibility assessments. Runners then completed two 10-min running economy assessment sessions on consecutive days at 4.13 m . s(-1) following two 30-min sessions of treadmill accommodation at 4.13 m . s(-1). Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated that the repeated flexibility measurements were highly reliable (<(X)over bar R> = 0.92 +/- 0.09), as were the two running economy appraisals (R = 0.99). Correlational analyses revealed that dorsiflexion (r = 0.65) and standing hip rotation (r = 0.53) were significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) associated with the mean aerobic demand of running, such that runners who were less flexible on these measures were more economical. Although speculative, these results suggest that inflexibility in certain areas of the musculoskeletal system may enhance running economy in sub-elite male runners by increasing storage and return of elastic energy and minimizing the need for muscle-stabilizing activity.