The plant homolog to the human sodium/dicarboxylic cotransporter is the vacuolar malate carrier

被引:152
作者
Emmerlich, V
Linka, N
Reinhold, T
Hurth, MA
Traub, M
Martinoia, E
Neuhaus, HE
机构
[1] Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
[2] Univ Zurich, Inst Pflanzenbiol, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
关键词
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1832002100
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Malate plays a central role in plant metabolism. It is an intermediate in the Krebs and glyoxylate cycles, it is the store for CO2 in C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism plants, it protects plants from aluminum toxicity, it is essential for maintaining the osmotic pressure and charge balance, and it is therefore involved in regulation of stomatal aperture. To fulfil many of these roles, malate has to be accumulated within the large central vacuole. Many unsuccessful efforts have been made in the past to identify the vacuolar malate transporter; here, we describe the identification of the vacuolar malate transporter [A. thaliana tonoplast dicarboxylate transporter (AttDT)]. This transporter exhibits highest sequence similarity to the human sodium/dicarboxylate cotransporter. Independent T-DNA [portion of the Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid that is transferred to plant cells] Arabidopsis mutants exhibit substantially reduced levels of leaf malate, but respire exogenously applied [C-14]malate faster than the WT. An AttDT-GFP fusion protein was localized to vacuole. Vacuoles isolated from Arabidopsis WT leaves exhibited carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and citrate inhibitable malate transport, which was not stimulated by sodium. Vacuoles isolated from mutant plants import [C-14]-malate at strongly reduced rates, confirming that this protein is the vacuolar malate transporter.
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页码:11122 / 11126
页数:5
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