Identification, structure and differential expression of novel pleurocidins clustered on the genome of the winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum)

被引:52
作者
Douglas, SE [1 ]
Patrzykat, A [1 ]
Pytyck, J [1 ]
Gallant, JW [1 ]
机构
[1] Inst Marine Biosci, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
来源
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY | 2003年 / 270卷 / 18期
关键词
antimicrobial peptide; development; fish; gene expression; promoter;
D O I
10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03758.x
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Antimicrobial peptides form one of the first lines of defense against invading pathogens by killing the microorganisms and/or mobilizing the host innate immune system. Although over 800 antimicrobial peptides have been isolated from many different species, especially insects, few have been reported from marine fish. Sequence analysis of two genomic clones (15.6 and 12.5 kb) from the winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum) resulted in the identification of multiple clustered genes for novel pleurocidin-like antimicrobial peptides. Four genes and three pseudogenes (Psi) are encoded in these clusters, all of which have similar intron/exon boundaries but specify putative antimicrobial peptides differing in sequence. Pseudogenes are easily detectable but have incorrect initiator codons (ACG) and often contain a frameshift(s). Potential promoters and binding sites for transcription factors implicated in regulation of expression of immune-related genes have been identified in upstream regions by comparative genomics. Using reverse transcription-PCR assays, we have shown for the first time that each gene is expressed in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner. In addition, synthetic peptides based on the sequences of both genes and pseudogenes have been produced and tested for antimicrobial activity. These data can be used as a basis for prediction of antimicrobial peptide candidates for both human and nonhuman therapeutants from genomic sequences and will aid in understanding the evolution and transcriptional regulation of expression of these peptides.
引用
收藏
页码:3720 / 3730
页数:11
相关论文
共 56 条
  • [51] Antibacterial proteins in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
    Smith, VJ
    Fernandes, JMO
    Jones, SJ
    Kemp, GD
    Tatner, MF
    [J]. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY, 2000, 10 (03) : 243 - 260
  • [52] SUSCEPTIBILITY AND IMMUNITY TO VIBRIO-ANGUILLARUM IN POST-HATCHING RAINBOW-TROUT FRY, SALMO-GAIRDNERI RICHARDSON 1836
    TATNER, MF
    HORNE, MT
    [J]. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY, 1983, 7 (03) : 465 - 472
  • [53] Genes regulated cooperatively by one or more transcription factors and their identification in whole eukaryotic genomes
    Wagner, A
    [J]. BIOINFORMATICS, 1999, 15 (10) : 776 - 784
  • [54] The TRANSFAC system on gene expression regulation
    Wingender, E
    Chen, X
    Fricke, E
    Geffers, R
    Hehl, R
    Liebich, I
    Krull, M
    Matys, V
    Michael, H
    Ohnhäuser, R
    Prüss, M
    Schacherer, F
    Thiele, S
    Urbach, S
    [J]. NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, 2001, 29 (01) : 281 - 283
  • [55] Improved derivatives of bactenecin, a cyclic dodecameric antimicrobial cationic peptide
    Wu, MH
    Hancock, REW
    [J]. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, 1999, 43 (05) : 1274 - 1276
  • [56] BACTENECINS, DEFENSE POLYPEPTIDES OF BOVINE NEUTROPHILS, ARE GENERATED FROM PRECURSOR MOLECULES STORED IN THE LARGE GRANULES
    ZANETTI, M
    LITTERI, L
    GENNARO, R
    HORSTMANN, H
    ROMEO, D
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY, 1990, 111 (04) : 1363 - 1371