Synthesis and characterization of conducting homopolymers and copolymers of o-anisidine and o-toluidine in inorganic and organic supporting electrolytes

The influence of inorganic and organic supporting electrolytes on the electrochemical, optical, and conducting properties of poly(o-anisidine), poly(o-toluidine), and poly(o-anisidine-co-o-toluidine) thin films was investigated. Homopolymer and copolymer thin films were synthesized electrochemically, under cyclic voltammetry conditions, in aqueous solutions of inorganic acids (H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, H3PO4, and HClO4) and organic acids (benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, and adipic acid) at room temperature. The films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements with a four-probe technique. The ultraviolet-visible spectra were obtained ex situ in dimethyl sulfoxide. The optical absorption spectra indicated that the formation of the conducting emeraldine salt (ES) phase took place in all the inorganic electrolytes used, whereas in organic acid supporting electrolytes, ES formed only with oxalic acid. Moreover, the current density and conductivity of the thin films was greatly affected by the nature and size of the anion present in the electrolyte. For the copolymer, the conductivity lay between the conductivity of the homopolymers, regardless of the supporting electrolyte used. The formation of the copolymer was also confirmed with differential scanning colorimetry. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.