A widespread family of polymorphic contact-dependent toxin delivery systems in bacteria

被引:235
作者
Aoki, Stephanie K. [1 ]
Diner, Elie J. [2 ]
de Roodenbeke, Claire t'Kint [1 ]
Burgess, Brandt R. [1 ]
Poole, Stephen J. [1 ]
Braaten, Bruce A. [1 ]
Jones, Allison M. [1 ]
Webb, Julia S. [1 ]
Hayes, Christopher S. [1 ,2 ]
Cotter, Peggy A. [1 ,2 ]
Low, David A. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Biomol Sci & Engn Program, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院; 美国农业部; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
III SECRETION SYSTEM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INHIBITION; GROWTH;
D O I
10.1038/nature09490
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Bacteria have developed mechanisms to communicate and compete with one another in diverse environments(1). A new form of intercellular communication, contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI), was discovered recently in Escherichia coli(2). CDI is mediated by the CdiB/CdiA two-partner secretion (TPS) system. CdiB facilitates secretion of the CdiA 'exoprotein' onto the cell surface. An additional small immunity protein (CdiI) protects CDI+ cells from autoinhibition(2,3). The mechanisms by which CDI blocks cell growth and by which CdiI counteracts this growth arrest are unknown. Moreover, the existence of CDI activity in other bacteria has not been explored. Here we show that the CDI growth inhibitory activity resides within the carboxy-terminal region of CdiA (CdiA-CT), and that CdiI binds and inactivates cognate CdiA-CT, but not heterologous CdiA-CT. Bioinformatic and experimental analyses show that multiple bacterial species encode functional CDI systems with high sequence variability in the CdiA-CT and CdiI coding regions. CdiA-CT heterogeneity implies that a range of toxic activities are used during CDI. Indeed, CdiA-CTs from uropathogenic E. coli and the plant pathogen Dickeya dadantii have different nuclease activities, each providing a distinct mechanism of growth inhibition. Finally, we show that bacteria lacking the CdiA-CT and CdiI coding regions are unable to compete with isogenic wild-type CDI+ cells both in laboratory media and on a eukaryotic host. Taken together, these results suggest that CDI systems constitute an intricate immunity network with an important function in bacterial competition.
引用
收藏
页码:439 / 442
页数:4
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