Modulus- and surface energy-tunable ultraviolet-curable polyurethane acrylate: properties and applications

Since the introduction of ultraviolet (UV)-curable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) materials in 2004, our group has extensively used the material in various applications ranging from nanopatterning, biomimetics, microfluidics, to tissue engineering. In this highlight, we aim to provide a brief overview of the properties and applications of PUA with particular focus on the ability of tuning modulus (20-320 MPa) and surface energy (20-60 mJ m(-2)). These unique features enable us to use the material in various patterning applications as a mold and a patterned film, respectively. In addition, one can benefit from several other features of PUA such as self-replication, partial curing, flexibility, biocompatibility, and transparency. These issues are also briefly described along with their applications.