Cell density related H2 consumption in relation to anoxic Fe(0) corrosion and precipitation of corrosion products by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1

In the absence of oxygen, a protective H-2 film is formed around an Fe(0) surface, inhibiting the electron flow from this surface. Our study of anoxic corrosion of Fe(0) beads revealed that, in the presence of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, H-2 removal and precipitation of Fe mineral particles on the cell surface are determining processes for corrosion. These two biologically mediated processes were governed by cell density. H-2 removal by Shewanella oneidensis was detected at cell concentrations of 1.0 x 10(6) live cells ml(-1) and higher and H-2 was electron donor for denitrification of NO3-. The removal of the protective H-2 layer from Fe(0) beads by Shewanella oneidensis, resulted in an increase of Fe release out of the Fe(0) beads from 153 +/- 25 mg l(-1) to 196 +/- 7 mg l(-1) after 20 h. When the cell concentration exceeded 1.0 x 10(8) live cells ml(-1), precipitation of iron minerals on the cell surface was characteristic for the greatest percentage of MR-1 cells, whereas micrometre-scale iron precipitates not associated with culturable cell biomass significantly decreased in number. Addition of supernatant of a corrosion assay with high cell concentration induced metabolic activity in a corrosion assay with low cell concentration, resulting in increased H-2 consumption and Fe release from Fe(0) beads. Homoserine lactone-like molecules were detected in the supernatant by a bio-assay, suggesting the involvement of a quorum-sensing regulatory mechanism.