Rheology of carbon black suspensions. II. Well dispersed system

Linear viscoelastic properties were investigated for the suspensions of carbon black (CB) particles having covalently-fused aggregate structures of an average diameter a = 120 nm. The suspending medium, an alkyd resin (AR), had a high affinity toward the CB particles, and the aggregates of these particles were well dispersed to form no higher-order agglomerates. Consequently, the suspensions obeyed the time-temperature superposition and their Arrhenius-type activation energy was identical to that of the medium. From comparison of the zero shear viscosity eta(0) for the CB suspensions and hard-sphere silica suspensions, an effective volume fraction phi(eff) of the CB particles was found to be 2.7 times larger than the bare volume fraction of the particles. The CB particles exhibited a slow relaxation process, and the terminal relaxation time of this process was close to the Peclet time (Brownian diffusion time) evaluated from the aggregate size a and a high frequency viscosity. Furthermore, the terminal relaxation mode distribution of the CB suspensions was well scaled with an intensity factor H-t that was evaluated from the phi(eff) in a way utilized for the hard-sphere silica suspensions. These results demonstrated that the slow relaxation in the CB suspensions was dominated by the Brownian diffusion of the CB aggregates, as similar to the situation for the silica suspensions.