[1] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Arctic Res Ctr, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland
[2] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Climat Res Unit, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England
[3] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada
[4] Inst Atmospher Phys, Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
[5] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Climate Directorate, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Reading RG6 2AH, Berks, England