Hierarchical patterns of global human Y-chromosome diversity

被引:193
作者
Hammer, MF
Karafet, TM
Redd, AJ
Jarjanazi, H
Santachiara-Benerecetti, S
Soodyall, H
Zegura, SL
机构
[1] Univ Arizona, Lab Mol Systemat & Evolut, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[2] Univ Arizona, Dept Anthropol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[3] Univ Pavia, Dept Genet, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
[4] Univ Witwatersrand, SAMIR, Johannesburg, South Africa
关键词
subdivision; patrilocality; gene flow; male migrations;
D O I
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003906
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
We examined 43 biallelic polymorphisms on the nonrecombining portion of the Y chromosome (NRY) in 50 human populations encompassing a total of 2,858 males to study the geographic structure of Y-chromosome variation. Patterns of NRY diversity varied according to geographic region and method/level of comparison. For example, populations from Central Asia had the highest levels of heterozygosity, while African populations exhibited a higher level of mean pairwise differences among haplotypes. At the global level, 36% of the total variance of NRY haplotypes was attributable to differences among populations (i.e., Phi (ST) = 0.36). When a series of AMOVA analyses was performed on different groupings of the 50 populations, high levels of among-groups variance (Phi (CT)) were found between Africans, Native Americans, and a single group containing all 36 remaining populations. The same three population groupings formed distinct clusters in multidimensional scaling plots. A nested cladistic analysis (NCA) demonstrated that both population structure processes (recurrent gene flow restricted by isolation by distance and long-distance dispersals) and population history events (contiguous range expansions and long-distance colonizations) were instrumental in explaining this tripartite division of global NRY diversity. As in our previous analyses of smaller NRY data sets, the NCA detected a global contiguous range expansion out of Africa at the level of the total cladogram. Our new results support a,general scenario in which, after an early out-of-Africa range expansion, global-scale patterns of NRY variation were mainly influenced by migrations out of Asia. Two other notable findings of the NCA were (1) Europe as a "receiver" of intercontinental signals primarily from Asia, and (2) the large number of intracontinental signals within Africa. Our AMOVA analyses also supported the hypothesis that patrilocality effects are evident at local and regional scales, rather than at intercontinental and global levels. Finally, our results underscore the importance of subdivision of the human paternal gene pool and imply that caution should be exercised when using models and experimental strategies based on the assumption of panmixia.
引用
收藏
页码:1189 / 1203
页数:15
相关论文
共 85 条
[1]  
ALLEN BS, 1994, J MOL EVOL, V39, P13
[2]   MSY2:: a slowly evolving minisatellite on the human Y chromosome which provides a useful polymorphic marker in Chinese populations [J].
Bao, WD ;
Zhu, SL ;
Pandya, A ;
Zerjal, T ;
Xu, JJ ;
Shu, QF ;
Du, RF ;
Yang, HM ;
Tyler-Smith, C .
GENE, 2000, 244 (1-2) :29-33
[3]   An apportionment of human DNA diversity [J].
Barbujani, G ;
Magagni, A ;
Minch, E ;
CavalliSforza, LL .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1997, 94 (09) :4516-4519
[4]   AFRICAN ORIGIN OF HUMAN-SPECIFIC POLYMORPHIC ALU INSERTIONS [J].
BATZER, MA ;
STONEKING, M ;
ALEGRIAHARTMAN, M ;
BAZAN, H ;
KASS, DH ;
SHAIKH, TH ;
NOVICK, GE ;
IOANNOU, PA ;
SCHEER, WD ;
HERRERA, RJ ;
DEININGER, PL .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1994, 91 (25) :12288-12292
[5]   THE STUDY OF VARIATION IN THE HUMAN GENOME [J].
BOWCOCK, A ;
CAVALLISFORZA, L .
GENOMICS, 1991, 11 (02) :491-498
[6]   Strong Amerind/white sex bias and a possible sephardic contribution among the founders of a population in northwest Colombia [J].
Carvajal-Carmona, LG ;
Soto, ID ;
Pineda, N ;
Ortíz-Barrientos, D ;
Duque, C ;
Ospina-Duque, J ;
McCarthy, M ;
Montoya, P ;
Alvarez, VM ;
Bedoya, G ;
Ruiz-Linares, A .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 2000, 67 (05) :1287-1295
[7]  
Cavalli-Sforza L. L., 1994, HIST GEOGRAPHY HUMAN
[8]  
Cavalli-Sforza LL, 2000, GENES PEOPLES LANGUA
[9]   Paleolithic and neolithic lineages in the European mitochondrial gene pool [J].
CavalliSforza, LL ;
Minch, E .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 1997, 61 (01) :247-251
[10]  
Crawford M.H., 1998, ORIGINS NATIVE AM EV