Three polyaniline, PANI, nanofibers were synthesized with controlled size by using the alpha-, beta -and gamma-cyclodextrin, CD, as template, respectively, via solution polymerization. FESEM images showed that these PANI nanofibers have average diameters, d(a), at about 34, 28 and 32 nm corresponding to the alpha-, beta- and gamma-CD, respectively. The da of PANI nanofibers has been found influenced by the surface properties of those CDs, because there has a good linear relationship betwen da and the Lifshitz-van der Waals interaction component of CDs. FTIR and XRD analyses furthermore explained the reason because the PANI templated by those three CD formed different host-guest inclusion complexes with different crystallinities.