Intrauterine growth restriction: new concepts in antenatal surveillance, diagnosis, and management

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains one of the main challenges in maternity care. Improvements have to start from a better definition of IUGR, applying the concept of the fetal growth potential. Customized standards for fetal growth and birthweight improve the detection of IUGR by better distinction between physiological and pathological smallness and have led to internationally applicable norms. Such developments have resulted in new insights in the assessment of risk and surveillance during pregnancy. Serial fundal height measurement plotted on customized charts is a useful screening tool, whereas fetal biometry and Doppler flow are the mainstay for investigation and diagnosis of IUGR. Appropriate protocols based on available evidence as well as individualized clinical assessment are essential to ensure good management and timely delivery.