Hydrolysis of haloacetonitriles: Linear free energy relationship, kinetics and products

被引：169

作者：

Glezer, V ^{[1
]}

Harris, B ^{[1
]}

Tal, N ^{[1
]}

Iosefzon, B ^{[1
]}

Lev, O ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fredy & Nadine Herrmann Sch Appl Sci, Div Environm Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel

来源：

WATER RESEARCH | 1999年 / 33卷 / 08期

关键词：

haloacetonitriles; hydrolysis; LFER; chlorination products;

D O I：

10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00361-3

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The hydrolysis rates of mono-, di- and trihaioacetonitriles were studied in aqueous buffer solutions at different pH. The stability of haloacetonitriles decreases and the hydrolysis rate increases with increasing pH and number of halogen atoms in the molecule: The monochloroacetonitriles are the most stable and are also less affected by pH-changes, while the trihaloacetonitriles are the least stable and most sensitive to pH changes. The stability of haloacetonitriles also increases by substitution of chlorine atoms with bromine atoms. The hydrolysis rates in different buffer solutions follow first order kinetics with a minimum hydrolysis rate at intermediate pH. Thus, haloacetonitriles have to be preserved in weakly acid solutions between sampling and analysis. The corresponding haloacetamides are formed during hydrolysis and in basic solutions they can hydrolyze further to give haloacetic acids. Linear free energy relationship can be used for prediction of degradation of haloacetonitriles during hydrolysis in water solutions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：1938 / 1948

页数：11

共 34 条

[21] CHLORINATION OF HUMIC MATERIALS - BY-PRODUCT FORMATION AND CHEMICAL INTERPRETATIONS [J].