Are MRI-based, patient matched cutting jigs as accurate as the tibial guides?

The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of VISIONAIRE (Smith & Nephew Inc., Memphis, TN, USA) Patient Matched cutting tibial jigs in comparison with extramedullary (EM) tibial instrumentation by analysing data as detected by intra-operative use of VectorVision knee navigation software from BrainLAB (Redwood City, CA, USA). Twelve patients were selected for unilateral total knee replacement (TKR). They underwent a full-length weight-bearing anteroposterior (AP) radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). During surgery, once the EM guides were placed and fixed on the tibia, the orientation in the coronal and sagittal planes was checked by the navigator and then compared with the data obtained by measuring the orientation of VISIONAIRE Patient Matched cutting tibial jigs. An unsatisfactory result was considered an error a parts per thousand yen2A degrees in both coronal and sagittal planes for the tibial component as a possible error of 4A degrees could result. In the coronal plane the mean deviation of the EM tibial guides from the ideal alignment (0A degrees) was 0.7 A +/- 0.39A degrees and of the VISIONAIRE was 129 A +/- 1.55A degrees (P = 0.22). In the sagittal plane the mean deviation of the EM tibial guides from 3A degrees of posterior slope was -1.62 A +/- 1.78A degrees and of the VISIONAIRE was +1.16 A +/- 4.29A degrees (P < 0.05). Negative values indicate a more posterior slope from the ideal and positive values an anterior slope. This preliminary study documented only a fair accuracy of the method with a consistent risk of error of more of 3A degrees especially in the sagittal plane. We could speculate that the problem in the sagittal plane was due to the fact that the pre-operative protocol does not include a lateral X-ray projection of the knee and only includes an AP standing X-ray of the straight leg and MRI.