Thermal annealing-induced vertical phase separation of copper phthalocyanine: Fullerene bulk heterojunction in organic photovoltaic cells

被引：41

作者：

Wei, H. X. ^{[1
]}

Li, J. ^{[1
]}

Xu, Z. Q. ^{[1
]}

Cai, Y. ^{[1
]}

Tang, J. X. ^{[1
]}

Li, Y. Q. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Soochow Univ, Jiangsu Key Lab Carbon Based Funct Mat & Devices, Inst Funct Nano & Soft Mat FUNSOM, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

来源：

APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS | 2010年 / 97卷 / 08期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

air; annealing; copper compounds; organic compounds; phase separation; photoelectron spectra; photovoltaic cells; surface energy; POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; BLENDS; MORPHOLOGY; TANDEM; ENERGY;

D O I：

10.1063/1.3483761

中图分类号：

O59 [应用物理学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

The effect of thermal annealing treatment on the morphology change in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) in organic photovoltaic cells was studied by photoemission spectroscopy. The results reveal that vertical phase separation upon annealing occurs in typical BHJ layer formed between planar molecule CuPc and spherical C(60) with inhomogeneous concentration distribution in profile, varying from CuPc-rich near the air surface to C(60)-rich adjacent to the substrate interface. The morphology variation is associated with the difference in surface energy of CuPc and C(60), leading to the accumulation of CuPc to the interface with air to lower the overall energy of the free surface. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3483761]

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页数：3

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