Changes in properties of soil-derived dissolved organic matter induced by biodegradation

被引:376
作者
Kalbitz, K
Schwesig, D
Schmerwitz, J
Kaiser, K
Haumaier, L
Glaser, B
Ellerbrock, R
Leinweber, P
机构
[1] Univ Bayreuth, BITOK, Dept Soil Ecol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
[2] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Soil Sci & Plant Nutr, D-06108 Halle An Der Saale, Germany
[3] Univ Bayreuth, Inst Soil Sci & Soil Geog, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
[4] ZALF, Inst Soil Landscape Res, D-15374 Muncheberg, Germany
[5] Univ Rostock, Inst Soil Sci & Plant Nutr, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
[6] IWW Rhenish Westfalian Inst Water Res, D-45476 Mulheim, Germany
关键词
delta C-13; degradation; dissolved organic matter; fluorescence spectroscopy; H-1-NMR spectroscopy; pyrolysis-mass spectrometry; stabilization; UV/VIS spectroscopy;
D O I
10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00165-2
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) determine its biodegradation. In turn, biodegradation changes the properties of the remaining DOM, which may be decisive for the formation of stable organic carbon in soil. To gain information on both mechanisms and controlling factors of DOM biodegradation and the properties of biodegraded DOM, we investigated changes in the composition of 13 different DOM samples extracted from maize straw, forest floors, peats, and agricultural soils during a 90-day incubation using UV absorbance, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, FTIR- spectroscopy, H-1-NMR spectroscopy, pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectroscopy (Py-FIMS), and C-13 natural abundance before and after incubation. Changes in the DOM properties were related to the extent of biodegradation determined by the release of CO2, Increasing UV absorption and humification indices deduced from fluorescence emission spectra. and increasing portions of aromatic H indicated relative enrichment of aromatic compounds during biodegradation. This enrichment significantly correlated with the amount of DOC mineralized suggesting that aromatic compounds were relatively stable and slowly mineralized. C-13 depletion during the incubation of highly degradable DOM solutions indicated an enrichment of lignin-derived aromatic compounds. Py-FI mass spectra indicated increasing contents of phenols and lignin monomers at the expense of lignin dimers and alkylaromatics during incubation. This partial degradation of higher-molecular, lignin-derived DOM compounds was accompanied by relative increases in the proportions of lower-molecular degradation products and microbial metabolites. Carbohydrates, especially when abundant at high initial contents, seem to be the preferred substrate for microorganisms. However, four independent methods suggested also some microbial production of carbohydrates and peptides during DOM degradation. After incubation, the composition of highly degradable DOM samples became similar to relatively stable DOM samples with respect to aromaticity, carbohydrate content, and thermal stability. We conclude that DOM biodegradation seems to result in organic matter properties being a precondition for the formation of stable carbon. These structural changes induced by DOM biodegradation should also result in stronger DOM sorption to the soil matrix additionally affecting DOM stabilization. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1129 / 1142
页数:14
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