机构:
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USAUniv Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
Sivamani, Raja K.
[2
]
Liepmann, Dorian
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn 1762, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAUniv Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
Liepmann, Dorian
[3
]
Malbach, Howard I.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USAUniv Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
Malbach, Howard I.
[1
]
机构:
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[2] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA
[3] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn 1762, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
With the limitations of oral drug delivery and the pain and needle phobias associated with traditional injections, drug delivery research has focused on the transdermal delivery route. A formidable barrier to transdermal drug delivery is the stratum corneum, the superficial layer of the skin. in the last 10 years, microneedles were proposed as a mechanical tool to pierce through the stratum corneum, in order to create drug delivery channels without stimulating underlying pain nerves. Since then, the field of microneedles has rapidly evolved to spawn a plethora of potential transdermal applications. In this review, the authors provide an overview of the progress in microneedle research and design, and the advancements that have been made in employing this technology for transdermal applications.