CpG islands and the regulation of transcription

被引：2230

作者：

Deaton, Aimee M. ^{[1
]}

Bird, Adrian ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Edinburgh, Wellcome Trust Ctr Cell Biol, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, Midlothian, Scotland

来源：

GENES & DEVELOPMENT | 2011年 / 25卷 / 10期

基金：

英国惠康基金; 英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

CpG island; promoter; transcription; DNA methylation; polycomb; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION; DE-NOVO METHYLATION; LONG NONCODING RNAS; INTRAGENIC DNA METHYLATION; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; FACTOR-BINDING SITES; HISTONE H3 TAIL; CHROMATIN-STRUCTURE;

D O I：

10.1101/gad.2037511

中图分类号：

Q2 [细胞生物学];

学科分类号：

071009 ; 090102 ;

摘要：

Vertebrate CpG islands (CGIs) are short interspersed DNA sequences that deviate significantly from the average genomic pattern by being GC-rich, CpG-rich, and predominantly nonmethylated. Most, perhaps all, CGIs are sites of transcription initiation, including thousands that are remote from currently annotated promoters. Shared DNA sequence features adapt CGIs for promoter function by destabilizing nucleosomes and attracting proteins that create a transcriptionally permissive chromatin state. Silencing of CGI promoters is achieved through dense CpG methylation or polycomb recruitment, again using their distinctive DNA sequence composition. CGIs are therefore generically equipped to influence local chromatin structure and simplify regulation of gene activity.

引用

页码：1010 / 1022

页数：13

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