The Yugoslavia Prospective Study of environmental lead exposure

被引:82
作者
Factor-Litvak, P
Wasserman, G
Kline, JK
Graziano, J
机构
[1] Columbia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA
[2] Columbia Univ, New York State Psychiat Inst, New York, NY 10031 USA
[3] Columbia Univ, Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA
[4] Columbia Univ, Dept Pharmacol, New York, NY 10031 USA
[5] Columbia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, New York, NY 10032 USA
关键词
blood pressure; childhood; development; height; lead;
D O I
10.2307/3434284
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The Yugoslavia Prospective Study of environmental lead exposure has studied the associations between exposure to lead and pregnancy outcomes; childhood neuropsychological, behavioral, and physical development; and hematologic, renal, and cardiovascular function. The cohort comprises 577 children born to women recruited at midpregnancy in two towns in Kosovo, Yugoslavia; one town is the site of a lead smelter, refinery, and battery plant and the other is 25 miles away and relatively unexposed. A sample of these children has been followed at 6-month intervals through 7.5 years of age. Blood lead concentrations ranged from 1 to 70 mu g/dl. Exposure to lead was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Exposure was associated with modest decrements in intelligence, small increases in blood pressure, higher risks of proteinuria, small increases in behavior problems, and perturbed hematopoiesis. Only at low level exposures (i.e., <16 mu g/dl) were small associations with decreased height found. We discuss methodological problems that may hinder causal interpretation of these data, namely, use of blood lead concentration as an exposure measure, confounding, and town-specific associations. We conclude that while reported associations are small, collectively they lend support to the notion that lead is a toxicant with numerous adverse health effects.
引用
收藏
页码:9 / 15
页数:7
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