Has the Earth's sixth mass extinction already arrived?

被引：2448

作者：

Barnosky, Anthony D. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Matzke, Nicholas ^{[1
]}

Tomiya, Susumu ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Wogan, Guinevere O. U. ^{[1
,3
]}

Swartz, Brian ^{[1
,2
]}

Quental, Tiago B. ^{[1
,2
]}

Marshall, Charles ^{[1
,2
]}

McGuire, Jenny L. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Lindsey, Emily L. ^{[1
,2
]}

Maguire, Kaitlin C. ^{[1
,2
]}

Mersey, Ben ^{[1
,4
]}

Ferrer, Elizabeth A. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[2] Univ Calif Museum Paleontol, Berkeley, CA USA

[3] Univ Calif Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA USA

[4] Human Evolut Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA

来源：

NATURE | 2011年 / 471卷 / 7336期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

FUTURE; BIODIVERSITY; CLIMATE; RISK; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; QUATERNARY; SPECIATION; IMPACTS; RATES;

D O I：

10.1038/nature09678

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Palaeontologists characterize mass extinctions as times when the Earth loses more than three-quarters of its species in a geologically short interval, as has happened only five times in the past 540 million years or so. Biologists now suggest that a sixth mass extinction may be under way, given the known species losses over the past few centuries and millennia. Here we review how differences between fossil and modern data and the addition of recently available palaeontological information influence our understanding of the current extinction crisis. Our results confirm that current extinction rates are higher than would be expected from the fossil record, highlighting the need for effective conservation measures.

引用

页码：51 / 57

页数：7

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