The expanded human kallikrein (KLK) gene family:: Genomic organisation, tissue-specific expression and potential functions

被引:111
作者
Clements, J [1 ]
Hooper, J [1 ]
Dong, Y [1 ]
Harvey, T [1 ]
机构
[1] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Mol Biotechnol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
gene family; gene structure; KLK; tissue kallikrein; tissue specificity;
D O I
10.1515/BC.2001.002
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The tissue kallikreins are serine proteases encoded by highly conserved multi-gene families. The rodent kallikrein (KLK) families are particularly large, consisting of 13-26 genes clustered in one chromosomal locus. It has been recently recognised that the human KLK gene family is of a similar size (15 genes) with the identification of another 12 related genes (KLK4-KLK15) within and adjacent to the original human KLK locus (KLK1-3) on chromosome 19q13.4. The structural organisation and size of these new genes is similar to that of other KLK genes except for additional exons encoding 5' or 3' untranslated regions. Moreover, many of these genes have multiple mRNA transcripts, a trait not observed with rodent genes. Unlike all other kallikreins, the KLK4-KLK15 encoded proteases are less related (25-44%) and do not contain a conventional kallikrein loop. Clusters of genes exhibit high prostatic (KLK2-4, KLK15) or pancreatic (KLK6-13) expression, suggesting evolutionary conservation of elements conferring tissue specificity. These genes are also expressed, to varying degrees, in a wider range of tissues suggesting a functional involvement of these newer human kallikrein proteases in a diverse range of physiological processes.
引用
收藏
页码:5 / 14
页数:10
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