Differential sensitivity to alcohol reinforcement in groups of men at risk for distinct alcoholism subtypes

被引:109
作者
Conrod, PJ
Pihl, RO
Vassileva, J
机构
[1] McGill Univ, Dept Psychol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada
[2] Finch Univ Hlth Sci Chicago Med Sch, Chicago, IL USA
关键词
D O I
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb04297.x
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
The present study examines the relationship of familial and personality risk factors for alcoholism to individual differences in sensitivity to the positively and negatively reinforcing properties of alcohol. Sixteen sons of male alcoholics with multigenerational family histories of alcoholism (MFH) and 11 men who self-report heightened sensitivity to anxiety (HAS) were compared with 13 age-matched family history negative, low anxiety sensitive men (FH-LAS) on sober and alcohol-intoxicated response patterns, We were interested in the effects of alcohol on specific psychophysiological indices of "stimulus reactivity," anxiety, and incentive reward. Alcohol significantly dampened heart rate reactivity to aversive stimulation for the MFH and HAS men equally, yet did not for the FH-LAS group. HAS men evidenced idiosyncrasies with respect to alcohol-induced changes in electrodermal reactivity to aversive stimulation (an index of anxiety/fear-dampening), and MFH men demonstrated elevated alcohol-intoxicated resting heart rates (an index of psychostimulation) relative to the FH-LAS men. The results are interpreted as reflecting a sensitivity to the "stimulus reactivity-dampening" effects of alcohol in both high-risk groups, yet population-specific sensitivities to the fear-dampening and psychostimulant properties of alcohol in the HAS and MFH groups, respectively.
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页码:585 / 597
页数:13
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