Wake potential of an ion moving slowly near a solid surface

The electric potential induced by a slow ion moving parallel to a solid surface is calculated based on the specular-reflection model. The effect of exchange-correlation interactions of electrons in the solid is taken into account by the local-field correction (LFC) dielectric theory, and comparison is made with the random-phase approximation (RPA) to the solid response function. It is found that the magnitude of the induced potential calculated using the LFC is always larger than that from the RPA, and hence the effect of electronic exchange-correlation interactions is important for low ion velocities.