Mechanisms of X-chromosome inactivation

被引：75

作者：

Chang, SC ^{[1
]}

Tucker, T ^{[1
]}

Thorogood, NP ^{[1
]}

Brown, CJ ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Inst Life Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada

来源：

FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK | 2006年 / 11卷

关键词：

dosage compensation; X chromosome; DNA methylation; XIST; review;

D O I：

10.2741/1842

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation is an impressive example of epigenetic gene regulation, whereby the majority of genes on the similar to 160 Mb X chromosome are silenced in a strictly cis-limited fashion. In this review we will discuss the important players involved in the silencing process. The process is initiated by transcription and cis-localization of the non-coding XIST RNA, which then recruits many of the epigenetic features generally associated with heterochromatin, including histone modifications, histone variants and DNA methylation.

引用

页码：852 / 866

页数：15

共 166 条

[1] High concentrations of long interspersed nuclear element sequence distinguish monoallelically expressed genes [J].

Allen, E ;

Horvath, S ;

Tong, F ;

Kraft, P ;

Spiteri, E ;

Riggs, AD ;

Marahrens, Y .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2003, 100 (17) :9940-9945

[2] The crystal structure of AF1521 a protein from Archaeoglobus fulgidus with homology to the non-histone domain of MacroH2A [J].

Allen, MD ;

Buckle, AM ;

Cordell, SC ;

Löwe, J ;

Bycroft, M .

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 2003, 330 (03) :503-511

[3] The histone variant macroH2A interferes with transcription factor binding and SWI/SNF nucleosome remodeling [J].

Angelov, D ;

Molla, A ;

Perche, PY ;

Hans, F ;

Côté, J ;

Khochbin, S ;

Bouvet, P ;

Dimitrov, S .

MOLECULAR CELL, 2003, 11 (04) :1033-1041

[4] Molecular evidence for a relationship between LINE-1 elements and X chromosome inactivation: The Lyon repeat hypothesis [J].

Bailey, JA ;

Carrel, L ;

Chakravarti, A ;

Eichler, EE .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2000, 97 (12) :6634-6639

[5] LOSS OF METHYLATION ACTIVATES XIST IN SOMATIC BUT NOT IN EMBRYONIC-CELLS [J].

BEARD, C ;

LI, E ;

JAENISCH, R .

GENES & DEVELOPMENT, 1995, 9 (19) :2325-2334

[6] The protein CTCF is required for the enhancer blocking activity of vertebrate insulators [J].

Bell, AC ;

West, AG ;

Felsenfeld, G .

CELL, 1999, 98 (03) :387-396

[7]

Belyaev ND, 1996, HUM GENET, V97, P573

[8] Histone modifications in transcriptional regulation [J].

Berger, SL .

CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT, 2002, 12 (02) :142-148

[9] DNA methylation patterns and epigenetic memory [J].

Bird, A .

GENES & DEVELOPMENT, 2002, 16 (01) :6-21

[10] Differentially methylated forms of histone H3 show unique association patterns with inactive human X chromosomes [J].

Boggs, BA ;

Cheung, P ;

Heard, E ;

Spector, DL ;

Chinault, AC ;

Allis, CD .

NATURE GENETICS, 2002, 30 (01) :73-76

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →