Tail of the contact force distribution in static granular materials

We numerically study the distribution P(f) of contact forces in frictionless bead packs, by averaging over the ensemble of all possible force network configurations. We resort to umbrella sampling to resolve the asymptotic decay of P(f) for large f, and determine P(f) down to values of order 10(-45) for ordered and disordered systems in two (2D) and three dimensions (3D). Our findings unambiguously show that, in the ensemble approach, the force distributions decay much faster than exponentially: P(f)similar to exp(-cf(alpha)), with alpha approximate to 2.0 for 2D systems, and alpha approximate to 1.7 for 3D systems.