Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase modified thick-film electrodes for the amperometric detection of phenolic compounds in flow injection analysis

The use of thick-film electrodes as basic transducers for highly sensitive amperometric biosensors using PQQ (pyrroloquinoline quinone) dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) with short response times is described. The enzyme is embedded in a polyurethane matrix on top of a platinum based thick film electrode and its ability to reduce oxidized phenolic compounds is exploited. The electrochemical amplification is based on the oxidation of the analyte on the surface of the electrode followed by its enzymatic reduction. Different parameters of the glucose dehydrogenase electrode system using dopamine as a model analyte were optimized, e.g., membrane thickness, pH value, buffer system, flow rate and storage conditions. Using optimized parameters the sensitivity and detection limits for various phenolic compounds were evaluated. The comparison of electrodes from the identical as well as from different batches shows the ability to produce a number of well reproducible sensors showing remarkably small differences with respect to parameters as sensitivity, response times, and measuring range.