FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF TWO GAMMA-RAY EMISSION COMPONENTS FROM THE QUIESCENT SUN

被引:105
作者
Abdo, A. A. [1 ,26 ]
Ackermann, M. [2 ,3 ]
Ajello, M. [2 ,3 ]
Baldini, L. [4 ]
Ballet, J. [5 ]
Barbiellini, G. [6 ,7 ]
Bastieri, D. [8 ,9 ]
Bechtol, K. [2 ,3 ]
Bellazzini, R. [4 ]
Berenji, B. [2 ,3 ]
Bonamente, E. [10 ,11 ]
Borgland, A. W. [2 ,3 ]
Bouvier, A. [12 ,13 ]
Bregeon, J. [4 ]
Brez, A. [4 ]
Brigida, M. [14 ,15 ]
Bruel, P. [16 ]
Buehler, R. [2 ,3 ]
Buson, S. [8 ,9 ]
Caliandro, G. A. [17 ]
Cameron, R. A. [2 ,3 ]
Caraveo, P. A. [18 ]
Casandjian, J. M. [5 ]
Cecchi, C. [10 ,11 ]
Charles, E. [2 ,3 ]
Chekhtman, A. [19 ]
Chiang, J. [2 ,3 ]
Ciprini, S. [11 ]
Claus, R. [2 ,3 ]
Cohen-Tanugi, J. [20 ]
Conrad, J. [21 ,22 ]
Cutini, S. [23 ]
de Angelis, A. [24 ,25 ]
de Palma, F. [14 ,15 ]
Dermer, C. D. [26 ]
Digel, S. W. [2 ,3 ]
do Couto e Silva, E. [2 ,3 ]
Drell, P. S. [2 ,3 ]
Dubois, R. [2 ,3 ]
Favuzzi, C. [14 ,15 ]
Fegan, S. J. [16 ]
Focke, W. B. [2 ,3 ]
Fortin, P. [16 ]
Frailis, M. [24 ,25 ,27 ]
Funk, S. [2 ,3 ]
Fusco, P. [14 ,15 ]
Gargano, F. [15 ]
Gasparrini, D. [23 ]
Gehrels, N. [28 ]
Germani, S. [10 ,11 ]
机构
[1] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA
[2] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[3] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[4] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
[5] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU, CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[6] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
[7] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
[8] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[9] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[10] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
[11] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
[12] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
[13] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
[14] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy
[15] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
[16] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
[17] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain
[18] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy
[19] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA
[20] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, Montpellier, France
[21] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[22] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[23] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy
[24] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy
[25] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
[26] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA
[27] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy
[28] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[29] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
[30] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA
[31] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
[32] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
[33] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[34] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[35] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan
[36] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan
[37] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France
[38] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France
[39] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[40] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[41] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS IN2p3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France
[42] NASA, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[43] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA
[44] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan
[45] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan
[46] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany
[47] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany
[48] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[49] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[50] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA
关键词
astroparticle physics; cosmic rays; gamma rays: general; Sun: atmosphere; Sun: heliosphere; Sun:; X-rays; gamma rays; INVERSE COMPTON-SCATTERING; HELIOSPHERIC MODULATION; COSMIC-RAYS; SOLAR; PROPAGATION; SPECTRUM; EGRET; PARTICLES; ASTRONOMY;
D O I
10.1088/0004-637X/734/2/116
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We report the detection of high-energy gamma-rays from the quiescent Sun with the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope (Fermi) during the first 18 months of the mission. These observations correspond to the recent period of low solar activity when the emission induced by cosmic rays (CRs) is brightest. For the first time, the high statistical significance of the observations allows clear separation of the two components: the point-like emission from the solar disk due to CR cascades in the solar atmosphere and extended emission from the inverse Compton (IC) scattering of CR electrons on solar photons in the heliosphere. The observed integral flux (>= 100 MeV) from the solar disk is (4.6 +/- 0.2inverted right perpendicularstatistical errorinverted left perpendicular(-0.08)(+1.0)inverted right perpendicularsystematic errorinverted left perpendicular) x 10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1), which is similar to 7 times higher than predicted by the "nominal" model of Seckel et al. In contrast, the observed integral flux (>= 100 MeV) of the extended emission from a region of 20 degrees radius centered on the Sun, but excluding the disk itself, (6.8 +/- 0.7[stat.](-0.4)(+0.5)[syst.]) x 10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1), along with the observed spectrum and the angular profile, is in good agreement with the theoretical predictions for the IC emission.
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页数:10
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