Local fishing influences coral reef fish behavior inside protected areas of the Indo-Pacific

被引:49
作者
Januchowski-Hartley, Fraser A. [1 ,2 ]
Graham, Nicholas A. J. [1 ]
Cinner, Joshua E. [1 ]
Russ, Garry R. [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] James Cook Univ, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Australian Res Council, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia
[2] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Dept Geog, Exeter EX4 4PS, Devon, England
[3] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
Behavioral ecology; Coral reefs; Flight initiation distance; Marine reserves; Parrotfish; Surgeonfish; MARINE RESERVES; DISTANCE; HABITAT;
D O I
10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.024
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Fishing is altering aquatic ecosystems through changes in the abundance, species composition and behavior of target species. Changes in fish behavior have received relatively little attention, despite significant evidence of behavioral change driven by human impacts mediating function and processes in terrestrial ecosystems, and emerging evidence that the same is true in marine systems even within marine reserves. Here, we measured the wariness of two families of coral reef fishes in both fished areas and marine reserves embedded within a fished seascape along an exploitation gradient ranging from wilderness sites (Chagos) to heavily fished areas (the Philippines). We used linear mixed effect models to identify relationships between fish flight initiation distance (FID) and fishing pressure, fish size, habitat complexity and life-history stage. Critically, fish FID increased with fishing pressure both in fished areas and inside marine reserves. These results imply that as fishing pressure increases in adjacent areas, progressively greater fish wariness may reduce the magnitude of some ecosystem functions within small marine reserves. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:8 / 12
页数:5
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