Role of opioid receptors in the spinal antinociceptive effects of neuropeptide FF analogues

1 Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) has been shown to produce antinociceptive effects and enhance morphine-induced antinociception after intrathecal (i.t.) injection. In this study, the spinal effects of two NPFF analogues, [D-Tyr(1),(NMe)Phe(3)]NPFF (1DMe) and [D-Tyr(1),D-Leu(2),D-Phe(3)]NPFF (3D), which are resistant to degradation and exhibit a high affinity for NPFF binding sites, were examined in tests of thermal and mechanical nociception. 2 1DMe and 3D produced potent dose-dependent spinal antinociception in the tail-flick test. On a molar basis, 1DMe was 20 and 50 times more potent than 3D and morphine, respectively, and high doses of 1DMe and 3D produced a sustained antinociceptive effect without visible signs of motor impairment. 3 Spinal antinociceptive effects produced by 1DMe (0.86 nmol) or 3D (8.6 nmol) were significantly reduced by i.t. co-administration of naloxone (11 nmol) or i.t. pre-administration of D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Orn-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2, (CTOP, 9.25 nmol) or beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA, 2 nmol) or naltrindole (2.2 nmol). The doses of the mu-antagonists (CTOP and beta-FNA) or the delta-antagonist (naltrindole) used in 1DMe and 3D experiments blocked the antinociceptive effects of mu-or delta-receptor-selective agonists. 4 When administered in combination with antinociceptive doses of the mu-receptor agonist, morphine (13.2 nmol) or the delta-receptor agonist, [D-Ala(2)]deltorphin I (20 nmol), sub-effective dose of 1DMe or 3D (0.009 nmol) enhanced and prolonged the spinal effects of these opioid agonists. 5 The results of this study show that spinal mu-and delta-opioid receptors play a role in antinociception produced by NPFF analogues. These results also suggest a role for NPFF in modulation of nociceptive signals at the spinal level.