TBT toxicity on a natural planktonic assemblage exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

被引:14
作者
Sargian, P
Pelletier, É
Mostajir, B
Ferreyra, GA
Demers, S
机构
[1] Univ Quebec, Inst Sci Mer Rimouski, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada
[2] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, UMR 5119, GDR 2476, F-34095 Montpellier, France
[3] Inst Antartico Argentino, RA-C1010AAZ Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
ultraviolet-B radiation; tributyltin; synergistic effect; natural planktonic assemblage; marine phytoplankton and bacteria;
D O I
10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.03.019
中图分类号
Q17 [水生生物学];
学科分类号
071004 ;
摘要
A microcosm approach was designed to study the combined effects of tributyltin (TBT) from antifouling paints and ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR: 280-320nm), on a natural planktonic assemblage (< 150 mu m) isolated from the St. Lawrence Estuary at the end of the springtime. Microcosms (9 1, cylindrical Teflon (R) bags, 75 cm height x 25 cm width) were immersed in the water column of mesocosms (1800 1, polyethylene bags, 2.3 m depth) and exposed to two different UVBR regimes: natural ambient UVBR (NUVBR), and enhanced level of UVBR (HUVBR). During consecutive 5 days, effects of TBT (120ng l(-1)) and enhanced UVBR (giving a biologically weighted UVBR 2.15-fold higher than natural light condition) were monitored in the samples coming from following treatments: (i) NUVBR light condition without TBT (NUVBR), (ii) NUVBR light condition with TBT-added (NUVBR+TBT), (iii) HUVBR light condition without TBT (HUVBR) and (iv) HUVBR light condition with TBT-added (HUVBR+TBT). Each treatment was conducted in triplicate microcosms. Different parameters were then measured during 5 days, including TBT analysis, bacterial abundance and productivity, phytoplankton abundance, cellular characteristics and growth rates, as well as in vivo chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence. Following TBT addition (NUVBR+TBT treatment), Chl a concentrations never exceeded 1 mu g l-1 whereas final values as high as 54 mu g l(-1) were observed in TBT-free treatments (NUVBR and HUVBR). TBT addition resulted also in the lost of fluorescence signal of the maximum efficiency of the photosystem 11 in phytoplankton assemblage. TBT toxicity caused on phytoplankton < 20 mu m an increase of mean cell size and changes in shape reflected a drastic disturbance of the cell cycle leading to an inhibition of the apparent growth rate. These negative effects of TBT resulted in a final abundance of phytoplankton < 20 mu m of 591 35 cells ml(-1) in NUVBR + TBT relative to NUVBR treatment (i.e., 31,846 +/- 312 cells ml(-1)). Moreover, when cells were submitted to TBT under enhanced UVBR (HUVBR+TBT treatment), final abundance of phytoplankton < 20 mu m was only 182 +/- 90 cells ml(-1), with a significant interaction between TBT and UVBR during the last 2 days of the experiment. The same type of interaction was also observed for bacterial abundance in NUVBR+TBT and HUVBR+TBT with stimulation of 226 and of 403%, respectively due to TBT addition relative to NUVBR treatment. When considering bacterial productivity, TBT addition resulted in an inhibition of 32%, and this inhibition was significantly more pronounced under dual stresses (i.e., 77% in HUVBR+TBT). These results clearly demonstrate that the combination of TBT and UVBR stresses have synergistic effects affecting the first trophic levels of the marine food web. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:299 / 314
页数:16
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